According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which of the following is at the base of the pyramid?

In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, physiological needs are situated at the base of the pyramid as they represent the fundamental requirements for human survival. These needs include essential elements such as food, water, warmth, shelter, and sleep. According to Maslow’s theory, until these basic needs are satisfied, individuals are unlikely to focus on higher-level needs, such as safety, esteem, or self-actualization. This foundational layer reflects the necessity for humans to have their most basic physical requirements met before they can pursue higher aspirations related to security, social belonging, or personal fulfillment. Therefore, physiological needs are prioritized as the starting point in understanding human motivation and development.